Considering LASIK eye surgery can feel overwhelming, especially when medical professionals start throwing around complex terminology. Whether you're exploring your options for vision correction or have already scheduled a consultation, understanding key LASIK terms will help you make informed decisions and feel more confident about the process.
What is LASIK Surgery?
Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) - pronounced "LAY-sik" - is a popular form of refractive laser eye surgery that has been transforming lives for over two decades in the United States. This outpatient procedure offers an alternative to glasses and contact lenses by permanently correcting common vision problems.
LASIK effectively treats three main refractive errors:
- Myopia (nearsightedness)
- Hyperopia (farsightedness)
- Astigmatism (irregular corneal shape)
The procedure is remarkably quick, typically taking just 10-15 minutes per eye, and most patients notice improved vision immediately after surgery. While not every patient achieves perfect 20/20 vision, the vast majority experience significant improvement in their eyesight.
Essential LASIK Terminology
Surgical Procedure Terms
Microkeratome - This precision surgical instrument features an oscillating blade that creates the thin corneal flap during LASIK surgery. The creation of this flap allows the surgeon to access the underlying corneal tissue for reshaping.
In Situ - This Latin phrase means "in place," referring to how the LASIK procedure is performed directly on the eye without removing any tissue from the body.
Keratomileusis - This term describes the specific technique of reshaping the cornea by removing a thin layer of tissue, modifying its curvature, and repositioning it to correct refractive errors.
Vision and Eye-Related Terms
Refractive - This refers to how light bends when passing through different materials. In the context of your eyes, it describes the eye's ability to bend light rays so images focus properly on the retina, which then sends clear visual information to your brain.
Corneal Flap - During LASIK, surgeons create a thin, hinged flap in the cornea's outer layer. This flap is lifted to allow laser reshaping of the underlying corneal tissue, then replaced to heal naturally without stitches.
Excimer Laser - This specialized laser removes microscopic amounts of corneal tissue with incredible precision, reshaping the cornea to correct refractive errors. The laser is computer-controlled and customized to each patient's specific vision needs.
Medical Professional Terms
Ophthalmologist - This is a medical doctor who specializes in comprehensive eye care, including medical treatment, surgical procedures, and vision correction. Only qualified ophthalmologists should perform LASIK surgery.
Ophthalmology - The medical specialty focused on the anatomy, function, diseases, and surgical treatment of the eye and surrounding structures.
Refractive Surgeon - An ophthalmologist who has received additional specialized training in vision correction procedures like LASIK, PRK, and other refractive surgeries.
What to Expect During LASIK
Understanding the process helps reduce anxiety about the procedure. LASIK surgery is performed while you're awake, using numbing eye drops to ensure comfort. You may experience temporary vision changes during the procedure as the surgeon works on your cornea, but this is completely normal.
Most patients experience minimal discomfort during and after surgery. The healing process typically takes three to six months for complete stabilization, though many people return to normal activities within a day or two.
Important Considerations
While LASIK has an excellent safety profile and high success rate, it's important to have realistic expectations. Not everyone is a suitable candidate for LASIK, and factors like age, prescription stability, corneal thickness, and overall eye health all play important roles in determining eligibility.
During your consultation, your ophthalmologist will conduct comprehensive eye exams and discuss whether LASIK is right for your specific situation. They'll also explain any potential risks and help you understand what results you can reasonably expect.
Take the Next Step Toward Better Vision
Armed with this knowledge of essential LASIK terminology, you're better prepared to have meaningful conversations with eye care professionals about your vision correction options. The key to a successful LASIK experience is choosing a qualified, experienced surgeon and having realistic expectations about the outcomes.
Ready to explore LASIK for yourself? Use America Top 10 to find highly-rated ophthalmologists and refractive surgeons in your area who can evaluate your candidacy and guide you through the process with expertise and care.
